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1.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 47: e64, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1450309

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN En este artículo se describe la importancia de las alianzas públicas y las alianzas privadas (APP) y de la articulación público-privada para hacer frente a la resistencia antimicrobiana (RAM) mediante el enfoque Una Salud. Estas alianzas se tejen entre actores gubernamentales, empresas privadas y organizaciones sociales para la construcción de agendas, la toma de decisiones y la gestión de proyectos de interés común. Se presenta un estudio de caso de Colombia, en el que se describen ejemplos del sector público ante la alerta de resistencia a la colistina que la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) informó en el 2016, los sectores productores de proteína animal bajo una alianza intergremial para el uso racional de los antimicrobianos y, por último, una alianza público-privada del sector porcícola con instituciones gubernamentales y cooperación internacional para lograr la implementación de acciones que mitiguen el riesgo de RAM. En Colombia, el establecimiento de alianzas con las organizaciones que representan a los sectores de productores agropecuarios ha generado acciones de impacto, como estrechar canales de comunicación permanente entre el sector público y el privado, caracterizar las condiciones de la cadena de producción agropecuaria, establecer mecanismos de consulta y validación de las políticas de salud en RAM, obtener una línea base de patógenos indicadores e identificación de los posibles flujos de propagación de RAM y, por último, lograr la transferencia de conocimiento y construcción de capacidades con expertos nacionales e internacionales, con acciones de concienciación de la problemática y su impacto en la salud pública. El modelo estratégico desarrollado en Colombia en colaboración público-privada puede inspirar a otros países de bajos y medianos ingresos para obtener resultados, con la optimización de recursos, que contribuyan al plan nacional de mitigación de la RAM.


ABSTRACT This article describes the importance of public-private partnerships (PPPs) and public-private coordination to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through the One Health approach. These partnerships are developed between governmental actors, private companies, and social organizations to build agendas, decision-making, and the management of projects of common interest. A case study from Colombia is presented. It describes examples of response from the public sector when the World Health Organization (WHO) reported a colistin resistance alert in 2016; from the animal protein production sector under an industry partnership for the rational use of antimicrobials; and, finally, from a public-private partnership in the swine sector, with governmental institutions and international cooperation, to take action to mitigate the risk of AMR. In Colombia, the establishment of partnerships with organizations representing agricultural producers has generated impactful actions such as strengthening ongoing communication channels between the public and private sectors; characterizing the conditions of the agricultural production chain; establishing mechanisms for consultation and validation of health policies related to AMR; obtaining a baseline of indicator pathogens and identification of possible flows of AMR spread; and, finally, achieving knowledge transfer and capacity-building with national and international experts, with actions to raise awareness about the problem of AMR and its impact on public health. The strategic model developed in Colombia through public-private collaboration can inspire other low- and middle-income countries to optimize their use of resources to obtain results that contribute to the national AMR mitigation plan.


RESUMO Este artigo descreve a importância das parcerias públicas e das parcerias privadas (PPP) e da articulação público-privada no enfrentamento da resistência a antimicrobianos (RAM) utilizando a abordagem de Saúde Única. Essas parcerias são formadas entre atores governamentais, empresas privadas e organizações sociais para elaborar agendas, tomar decisões e gerir projetos de interesse comum. Este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso da Colômbia, no qual são apresentados exemplos do setor público diante do alerta de resistência à colistina emitido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 2016, a formação de uma aliança intersetorial pelos setores de produção de proteína animal para promover o uso racional de antimicrobianos e, por último, a formação de uma parceria público-privada composta pelo setor suinícola e por instituições governamentais e cooperação internacional para que a implementação de medidas de mitigação do risco de RAM. Na Colômbia, a criação de parcerias com organizações representantes dos setores de produção agropecuária geraram ações de impacto, como o fortalecimento de canais permanentes de comunicação entre os setores público e privado, a caracterização das condições da cadeia de produção agropecuária, o estabelecimento de mecanismos de consulta e validação das políticas de saúde voltadas para a RAM, a obtenção de uma linha de base de patógenos indicadores e identificação de possíveis fluxos de propagação de RAM e, por fim, a transferência de conhecimentos e capacitação envolvendo especialistas nacionais e internacionais, com ações de conscientização sobre o problema e seu impacto na saúde pública. O modelo estratégico desenvolvido na Colômbia por meio da colaboração público-privada pode inspirar outros países de baixa e média renda a obter resultados, pela otimização de recursos, que contribuam para o plano nacional de mitigação da RAM.

2.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 42(3): 1111-1128, mai.-jun. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1371181

ABSTRACT

Urolithiasis affects the urinary tract of small ruminants, thereby requiring the animal to prematurely terminate breeding. Morphometric study of organs can be used as a diagnostic method. Thus, this study aimed to describe the macroscopic, histopathological, and histomorphometric changes in the urinary tract of sheep with urolithiasis. For this purpose, 14 healthy male Santa Inês sheep, approximately 90 days old, were studied and fed an experimental diet. After the development of urolithiasis, the animals were reorganized into two groups, D1 (without urolithiasis) and D2 (with urolithiasis) for comparative data analysis. Sheep were necropsied to evaluate the pathological changes, followed by macroscopic morphometric analysis, and the histopathological and histomorphometric characteristics were described. Urethral necrosis and a full urinary bladder were observed in all animals that developed the disease. The comparison between sheep with and without urolithiasis showed no significant difference (P < 0.05) in the evaluated macroscopic morphometric variables, except for the right ureter width. Regarding the histopathological evaluation, multifocal areas of mild to moderate congestion within the glomerular tufts and protein in the tubular lumen of the kidneys were observed. In the liver, mild to moderate fatty degeneration was noted in the centrolobular regions, and an ulcerated focal area in the bladder mucosa was observed in only one animal. The present study demonstrated that the formulated diet was effective in inducing clinical disease. In acute obstructive urolithiasis in sheep tissue, lesions in the liver and urinary tract were observed, although there were no significant histomorphometric changes.(AU)


Urolitíase acomete o trato urinário de pequenos ruminantes causando a saída prematura de animais destinados à reprodução. O estudo morfométrico dos órgãos pode ser empregado como método de auxílio diagnóstico. Assim, este estudo objetivou descrever as alterações macroscópicas, histopatológicas e histomorfométricas do trato urinário de ovinos com urolitíase. Com esse fim, foram utilizados 14 ovinos hígidos, machos, da raça Santa Inês com idade aproximada de 90 dias, que receberam dieta experimental. Após o desenvolvimento da urolitíase os animais foram reorganizados em dois grupos experimentais distintos D1 (sem urolitíase) e D2 (com urolitíase) para a análise comparada dos dados. Os ovinos foram necropsiados para descrição das alterações patológicas, seguindo-se a análise morfométrica macroscópica e descrição quanto as características histopatológicas e histomorfométricas. Necrose de processo uretral e bexiga urinária repleta foram observados em todos os animais que desenvolveram a doença. Na comparação entre os ovinos com e sem urolitíase não houve diferença significativa (P < 0,05) nas variáveis morfométricas macroscópicas avaliadas, a exceção da largura do ureter direito. Quanto à avaliação histopatológica, foram observadas áreas multifocais de discreta a moderada congestão dos tufos glomerulares e proteína no lúmen tubular nos rins. No fígado, observou-se nas regiões centrolobulares, discreta a moderada degeneração gordurosa e apenas em um animal foi observada, macro e microscopicamente, área focal ulcerada na mucosa da bexiga. Os achados da presente pesquisa demonstraram que a dieta formulada foi eficaz na indução da doença clínica. Na urolitíase obstrutiva aguda em ovinos, lesões teciduais em fígado e trato urinário são observadas, mas não há alterações histomorfométricas significativas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Ureter , Urethral Obstruction , Urinary Bladder , Sheep , Urolithiasis , Data Analysis , Necrosis
3.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 27(2): 80-87, abr./jun. 2020. il.
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1378276

ABSTRACT

Some amino acids can protect mammalian sperm cells against oxidation during thermal stress caused by freezing/thawing. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the protective action of the association of the amino acids L-proline (Pro) and L-glutamine (Glu) against the cryoinjury caused to sheep sperm after cryopreservation. Eight ejaculates were collected from four sheep (n=32) and diluted in Tris-Egg Yolk-Glycerol until the final concentration of 200 x106 sptz/mL and kept in a water bath at 32 °C. The amino acids were added as follows: control (without adding amino acids), Pro+Glu 1 (100 µM Pro + 500 µM Glu), Pro+Glu 2 (300 µMPro + 1000 µM Glu), Pro+Glu 3 (500 µM Pro + 1500 µM Glu) and Pro+Glu 4 (700 µM Pro + 2000 µM Glu). Afterwards, the semen was cooled to 5 °C for 2 h, after that period, filled in 0.5 mL straws and then placed under liquid nitrogen vapor (N2L), 8 cm from the liquid sheet for 15min, and then immersed on the N2L. The samples were analyzed for sperm motility, plasma membrane and acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and binding test. The variables were subjected to the normality tests (Lilliefors test) and homoscedasticity tests (Cochran and Bartlett test), afterwards the variables of normal distribution were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test with a significance level of 5%. The Pro+Glu 3 group exhibited sperm with a greater (P<0.05) motility after thawing. In addition, the highest percentage of plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity were obtained using Pro+Glu 1, Pro+Glu 2 and Pro+Glu 3; and Pro+Glu 2 and Pro+Glu 3, respectively. Amino acids also kept mitochondrial activity high compared to the control, with Pro+Glu 3 resulting in greater activity (P<0.05). Sperm viability was higher (P<0.05) with the use of Pro+Glu 2 and Pro+Glu 3 than in the control. The number of sperm that showed the ability to bind to the egg yolk perivitelline membrane was higher (P<0.05) in semen treated with amino acids. It is concluded that the addition of synthetic amino acids in the semen of sheep before cryopreservation improves sperm quality and fertilization potential and can thus be added in cryopreservation protocols.


Alguns aminoácidos podem proteger as células espermáticas de mamíferos contra a oxidação durante o estresse térmico causado na congelação/descongelação. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar a ação protetora da associação dos aminoácidos L-prolina (Pro) e L-glutamina (Glu) contra as crioinjúrias causadas aos espermatozoides de ovino após a criopreservação. Foram coletados oito ejaculados de quatro carneiros (n=32) e diluídos em Tris-Gema de ovo-Glicerol até a concentração final de 200 x106 sptz/mL e, mantidos em banho maria a 32 °C. Os aminoácidos foram adicionados da seguinte forma: controle (sem adição de aminoácidos), Pro+Glu 1 (100 µM Pro + 500 µM Glu), Pro+Glu 2 (300 µM Pro + 1000 µM Glu), Pro+Glu 3 (500 µM Pro + 1500 µM Glu) e Pro+Glu 4 (700 µM Pro + 2000 µM Glu). Depois, o sêmen foi resfriado a 5 °C por 2 h, após esse período, envasado em palhetas de 0,5 mL e então acondicionado sob vapor de nitrogênio líquido (N2L), a 8 cm da lâmina líquida por 15 min, e depois imersos no N2L. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à motilidade espermática, integridade da membrana plasmática e da membrana acrossomal, atividade mitocondrial e teste de ligação. As variáveis foram submetidas aos testes de normalidade (Teste de Lilliefors) e homocedacidade (Teste de Cochran e Bartlett), posteriormente as variáveis de distribuição normal foram submetidas à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey com nível de significância de 5%. O grupo Pro+Glu 3 exibiu espermatozoides com uma maior (P<0,05) motilidade após o descongelamento. Além disso o maior percentual de integridade da membrana plasmatica e acrossomal foram obtidos utilizando Pro+Glu 1, Pro+Glu 2 e Pro+Glu 3; e Pro+Glu 2 e Pro+Glu 3, respectivamente. Os aminoácidos também mantiveram alta a atividade mitocondrial em comparação com o controle, com Pro+Glu 3 resultando numa maior atividade (P<0,05). A viabilidade dos espermatozoides foi maior (P<0,05) com o uso de Pro+Glu 2 e Pro+Glu 3 do que no controle. O número de espermatozoides que apresentaram à capacidade de ligação a membrana perivitelina da gema de ovo foi maior (P<0,05) no sêmen tratado com aminoácidos. Conclui-se que, a adição dos aminoácidos sintéticos no sêmen de ovinos antes da criopreservação melhora a qualidade espermática e o potencial fecundante, podendo assim serem adicionados em protocolos de criopreservação.


Subject(s)
Animals , Spermatozoa/drug effects , Sheep/genetics , Cryopreservation/veterinary , Semen Analysis/veterinary , Fertility/drug effects , Fertility Agents, Male/administration & dosage , Proline/administration & dosage , Glutamine/administration & dosage
4.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 27(2): 80-87, abr./jun. 2020. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1491674

ABSTRACT

Some amino acids can protect mammalian sperm cells against oxidation during thermal stress caused by freezing/thawing. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the protective action of the association of the amino acids L-proline (Pro) and L-glutamine (Glu) against the cryoinjury caused to sheep sperm after cryopreservation. Eight ejaculates were collected from four sheep (n=32) and diluted in Tris-Egg Yolk-Glycerol until the final concentration of 200 x106 sptz/mL and kept in a water bath at 32 °C. The amino acids were added as follows: control (without adding amino acids), Pro+Glu 1 (100 M Pro + 500 M Glu), Pro+Glu 2 (300 M Pro + 1000 M Glu), Pro+Glu 3 (500 M Pro + 1500 M Glu) and Pro+Glu 4 (700 M Pro + 2000 M Glu). Afterwards, the semen was cooled to 5 °C for 2 h, after that period, filled in 0.5 mL straws and then placed under liquid nitrogen vapor (N2L), 8 cm from the liquid sheet for 15 min, and then immersed on the N2L. The samples were analyzed for sperm motility, plasma membrane and acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and binding test. The variables were subjected to the normality tests (Lilliefors test) and homoscedasticity tests (Cochran and Bartlett test), afterwards the variables of normal distribution were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test with a significance level of 5%. The Pro+Glu 3 group exhibited sp


Alguns aminoácidos podem proteger as células espermáticas de mamíferos contra a oxidação durante o estresse térmico causado na congelação/descongelação. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar a ação protetora da associação dos aminoácidos L-prolina (Pro) e L-glutamina (Glu) contra as crioinjúrias causadas aos espermatozoides de ovino após a criopreservação. Foram coletados oito ejaculados de quatro carneiros (n=32) e diluídos em Tris-Gema de ovo-Glicerol até a concentração final de 200 x106 sptz/mL e, mantidos em banho maria a 32 °C. Os aminoácidos foram adicionados da seguinte forma: controle (sem adição de aminoácidos), Pro+Glu 1 (100 μM Pro + 500 μM Glu), Pro+Glu 2 (300 μM Pro + 1000 μM Glu), Pro+Glu 3 (500 μM Pro + 1500 μM Glu) e Pro+Glu 4 (700 μM Pro + 2000 μM Glu). Depois, o sêmen foi resfriado a 5 °C por 2 h, após esse período, envasado em palhetas de 0,5 mL e então acondicionado sob vapor de nitrogênio líquido (N2L), a 8 cm da lâmina líquida por 15 min, e depois imersos no N2L. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à motilidade espermática, integridade da membrana plasmática e da membrana acrossomal, atividade mitocondrial e teste de ligação. As variáveis foram submetidas aos testes de normalidade (Teste de Lilliefors) e homocedacidade (Teste de Cochran e Bartlett), posteriormente as variáveis de distribuição normal foram submetidas à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey com nível de significância de 5%. O grupo Pro+Glu 3 exibiu espermatozoides com uma maior (P<0,05) motilidade após o descongelamento. Além disso o maior percentual de integridade da membrana plasmatica e acrossomal foram obtidos utilizando Pro+Glu 1, Pro+Glu 2 e Pro+Glu 3; e Pro+Glu 2 e Pro+Glu 3, respectivamente. Os aminoácidos também mantiveram alta a atividade mitocondrial em comparação com o controle, com Pro+Glu 3 resultando numa maior atividade (P<0,05). A viabilidade dos espermatozoides foi maior (P<0,05) com o uso de Pro+Glu 2 e Pro+Glu 3 do que no controle. O número de espermatozoides que apresentaram à capacidade de ligação a membrana perivitelina da gema de ovo foi maior (P<0,05) no sêmen tratado com aminoácidos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Amino Acids/analysis , Amino Acids/chemistry , Semen Analysis , Cryopreservation , Glutamine , Sheep
6.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 50(9): e20190760, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133323

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The present study was conducted to investigate in 20 extensive sheep farms for the seroprevalence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (n=402) and Toxoplasma gondii (n=228). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the detection of antibodies to C. pseudotuberculosis/T. gondii. It was observed that C. pseudotuberculosis showed the highest prevalence in the region (34.07%) with statistically significant presence (p<0.05) in ewes. Antibodies to T. gondii was reported in 14.91% of the animals studied. About C. pseudotuberculosis/T. gondii coinfection the categories of rams showed significant (p<0.05) differences, suggesting that this gender could perpetuate the diseases in the flocks. It was concluded that the knowledge about the diseases in the region under study would facilitate the execution of prophylactic measures, especially against the diseases that pose risks to the public health and cause damages to the producer.


RESUMO: O presente estudo foi conduzido para investigar a soroprevalência em 20 fazendas de criação extensiva de ovinos quanto à presença de anticorpos para Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (n=402) e Toxoplasma gondii (n=228). Ensaio de imunoabsorção enzimático (ELISA) foi utilizado para a detecção de anticorpos contra C. pseudotuberculosis/T. gondii. Observou-se que C. pseudotuberculosis apresentou a maior prevalência na região (34,07%), com presença estatisticamente significante (p <0,05) nas categorias de ovelha. Anticorpos contra T. gondii foram encontrados em 14,91% dos animais estudados. Sobre a coinfecção de C. pseudotuberculosis/T. gondii, as categorias carneiro apresentaram diferenças significativas (p <0,05), sugerindo que esse gênero poderia perpetuar as doenças nos rebanhos. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento sobre as doenças na região em estudo facilitaria a execução de medidas profiláticas, principalmente contra as doenças que apresentam riscos à saúde pública e causam danos ao produtor.

7.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-210792

ABSTRACT

The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of different sugars and buffers combinations in the extenders viz. Tris citric acid fructose (TCF), Tris citric acid glucose (TCG), Sodium citrate fructose (SCF) and Sodium citrate glucose (SCG) on the quality of Cauda epididymal spermatozoa of ram during cryopreservation and post thaw. Spermatozoa were recovered from Cauda epididymidis by incision method. Samples showing ≥70 % progressive sperm motility were pooled. Each pooled cauda epididymal sperm sample was divided into four aliquots and spermatozoa in each aliquot were washed using isotonic buffer by double centrifugation. Washed spermatozoa in each aliquot were extended separately in the four different extenders using 20% egg yolk and 8% glycerol as cryoprotectant. The quality of spermatozoa was evaluated immediately after extension in the particular extenders (pre-freeze) and at post thaw. The percent sperm motility was significantly (p<0.05) higher for TCF (45.00±4.47) than TCG (27.50±6.55) and SCG (20.83±5.39) extenders at post thaw. The percentage of HOST reacted spermatozoa was significantly higher (P<0.05) for TCF (61.05±2.60) than SCF (45.81±4.90) and SCG (46.41±4.16) at post thaw. The percent intact acrosome was also significantly higher (P<0.05) in TCF (79.39±2.16), SCF (80.74±1.38) and SCG (78.34±2.94) than TCG (71.32±2.47) at post thaw. In conclusion, the use of fructose as energy source in the Tris extender (TCF) was found the best combination of buffer and sugar for maintaining higher sperm quality during cryopreservation of ram caudaepididymal spermatozoa

8.
Rev. MVZ Córdoba ; 24(1): 7097-7103, ene-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013267

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective. Aimed to describe the characteristics of the onset of puberty in males in Colombian hair ram lambs (Ovino de Pelo Colombiano, OPC), and their crosses with Katahdin and Santa Inés sheep in a farm located in Villavicencio, Meta. Materials and methods. 15 lambs of three biotypes: OPC x OPC (OPC), Santa Ines x OPC (SO) and Katahdin X OPC (KO) from four until 12 months old. Ram lambs were grazing and they had supplementation with commercial salt and water ad libitum. Monthly body weight (BW), scrotal circumference (SC), testicular volume (TV) were measured and testosterone level were determined by Elisa test, and ultrasound of the two testicles was performed to determine the presence of the testicular mediastinum, also evaluating the presence and detachment of the urethral prolongation and then electro ejaculation was performed to determine the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the semen. Results. Genotype effect was significant for evolution of body BW, SC, TV over time. The SO and KO crosses presented the highest values in BW, whereas OPC lambs maintained a lower value until the end of the assay. At six months old, the three biotypes presented a minimum concentration of 150 million of sperm per ml with 30% of individual progressive motility. Conclusions. In non-seasonal tropical conditions in Colombia (Orinoquia), depending on the variables included, body weight, testicular development, pennis morphology, semen quality, sperm concentration and testosterone levels, it is postulated that around six months of age, the onset of puberty is displayed in the three biotypes.


RESUMEN Objetivo. Describir las características del inicio de la pubertad en corderos machos (Ovino de Pelo Colombiano, OPC) y sus cruces en una granja ubicada en Villavicencio, Meta. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron 15 corderos de tres razas: OPC x OPC (OPC), Santa Inés x OPC (SO) y Katahdin X OPC (KO), a partir de los cuatro meses de edad, cinco corderos por cruzamiento, manejados en pastoreo rotacional, con sal mineralizada comercial y agua a voluntad. Mensualmente hasta los doce meses de edad, se evaluó el peso corporal (PC), circunferencia escrotal (CE), volumen testicular (VT), y se determinó la concentración de testosterona en suero mediante la prueba de Elisa, se determinó la presencia del mediastino testicular mediante ecografía y se evalúo el desprendimiento de la prolongación uretral. Finalmente se determinaron las características macroscópicas y microscópicas del eyaculado. Resultados. El efecto racial o de cruzamiento fue significativo para los resultados del PC, CE y VT en el tiempo. Los cruces OPC y KO presentaron los valores más altos en PC, mientras que los corderos OPC mantuvieron un valor menor de PC hasta el final de la investigación. Se realizaron al menos cuatro evaluaciones seminales hasta la presentación de una concentración mínima de 150 millones de espermatozoides por ml con un 30% de motilidad progresiva individual. Conclusiones. En condiciones tropicales no estacionales en Colombia (Orinoquia), para las variables peso corporal, desarrollo testicular, morfología del pene, calidad del semen, concentración de espermatozoides y niveles de testosterona, se postula que alrededor de los seis meses de edad, se presenta el inicio de la pubertad en los tres biotipos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Testosterone , Sheep , Sexual Maturation
9.
Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy ; (12): 1062-1064, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-798130

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To investigate the etiological characteristics of incision infection after closed fracture surgery.@*Methods@#From January 2012 to December 2017, 20 closed fracture patients with postoperative incision infection in Lanxi Ruikang Hospital were selected in the research.The wound infection and secretion samples after closed fracture surgery were collected for isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity test.@*Results@#A total of 33 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured in 20 cases of wound infection after closed fracture operation, including 21 Gram-negative bacteria, 11 Gram-positive bacteria and 1 fungi.Among Gram-negative bacteria, 8 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 6 strains of Escherichia coli were found.Among Gram-positive bacteria, 6 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were found.The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefoperazone were 87.50%, 87.50% and 75.00%, respectively, and the resistance rates of Escherichia coli to ceftriaxone and ceftazidime were 100.00% and 83.33%, respectively.The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G and erythromycin were 100.00% and 83.33%, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The pathogenic bacteria of closed fracture postoperative incision infection are Gram-negative bacteria, three pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, the drug resistance rate of Gram negative bacteria to cephalosporin is high, the resistance rate of main Gram positive bacteria to penicillin and erythromycin G is high.

10.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 2197-2207, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-773108

ABSTRACT

The excessive pesticide residues and heavy metals in traditional Chinese medicine seriously endanger human health and the sustainable development of Chinese medicine industry. In order to improve the quality of traditional Chinese medicine and establish a general standard for maximum residue limits(MRL) of pesticides in pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine and decoction pieces, and to ensure the safety of clinical medication from its origin, MRLs were calculated based on the formula(MRL=A×W/100M) from Chinese Pharmacopeia, comparing it with the current Chinese and international standards as well as literature review, the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method(RAM) was applied to determine the categories and MRLs of pesticides in pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine and decoction pieces. Two questionnaires were drafted for expert panel and appropriateness analysis was carried out with the 9-point Likert scale to determine the general standard for MRLs of pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine and decoction pieces. The results showed that a total of nine experts from different fields scored the necessity of standard-setting and 206 pesticide residue limits respectively. The appropriateness scores of 206 pesticides were greater than 7, and appropriateness rate was 100%, which signifies that the expert panel has reached consensus. In summary, based on the RAM, the general standard for maximum residue limits of pesticides in pollution-free Chinese medicines and decoction pieces has reached an expert consensus. Comparing with the MRLs of medicinal plants and plant-sourced food from CAC, Europe Union, the United States, South Korea, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and Canada, 206 MRLs from this general standard share 88.8% in common, 4.4% of which is higher and 6.8% lower than those international standards. This has provided a basis for standardizing the use of pesticides in pollution-free traditional Chinese medicine.


Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Reference Standards , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Pesticide Residues , Pesticides
11.
Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy ; (12): 1062-1064, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-744498

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics of incision infection after closed fracture surgery.Methods From January 2012 to December 2017,20 closed fracture patients with postoperative incision infection in Lanxi Ruikang Hospital were selected in the research.The wound infection and secretion samples after closed fracture surgery were collected for isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity test.Results A total of 33 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured in 20 cases of wound infection after closed fracture operation,including 21 Gram-negative bacteria,11 Gram-positive bacteria and 1 fungi.Among Gram -negative bacteria,8 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 6 strains of Escherichia coli were found.Among Gram-positive bacteria,6 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were found.The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftriaxone,ceftazidime and cefoperazone were 87.50%,87.50% and 75.00%,respectively,and the resistance rates of Escherichia coli to ceftriaxone and ceftazidime were 100.00% and 83.33%,respectively.The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G and erythromycin were 100.00% and 83.33%,respectively.Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria of closed fracture postoperative incision infection are Gram-negative bacteria,three pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli,the drug resistance rate of Gram negative bacteria to cephalosporin is high,the resistance rate of main Gram positive bacteria to penicillin and erythromycin G is high.

12.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 38(11): 2159-2165, Nov. 2018. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-976414

ABSTRACT

The penis represents the organ of the male's copulation. It is essential to know the reproductive biology and the morphology of the reproductive organs to increase animal production. In order to contribute to this knowledge and provides information on the ram reproductive morphology, the purpose of this work was to describe the distribution, based on light microscopy, of the collagen and elastic fibers in the ram penis. For that, were collected transverse fragments of the penis (root, sigmoid flexure, body and glans) of seven rams. The specimens were fixed in paraformaldehyde for 24h and destined for the histological routine. The extracellular matrix of the ram penis was composed of collagen and elastic fibers. The penis was enveloped by the tunica albuginea, consisting essentially of collagen fibers, which were arranged in two layers: an outer longitudinal and an inner circular. This tunic emitted septa that penetrated the corpus cavernosum. The elastic fibers appeared transversely and longitudinally in the corpus cavernosum, corpus spongiosum, and next to the neurovascular bundle of the penis. This structure was not different to that reported for other domestic ruminants such as cattle and buffaloes.(AU)


O pênis representa o órgão da cópula do macho. É fundamental que se conheça a biologia reprodutiva e a morfologia dos órgãos reprodutores para o incremento da produção animal. Com o objetivo de contribuir para este conhecimento e fornecer informações sobre a morfologia reprodutiva de ovinos, o propósito deste trabalho foi descrever a distribuição, com base na microscopia de luz, das fibras colágenas e elásticas no pênis de ovinos. Para tanto, foram coletados fragmentos transversais do pênis (raiz, flexura sigmoide, corpo e glande) de sete ovinos. Os exemplares foram fixados em paraformaldeído por 24h e destinados à rotina histológica. A matriz extracelular do pênis de ovinos estava constituída por fibras colágenas e elásticas. O pênis estava envolvido pela túnica albugínea, formada essencialmente por fibras colágenas, que estavam arranjadas em duas camadas: longitudinal externa e circular interna. Esta túnica emitiu septos que penetraram no corpo cavernoso. As fibras elásticas apareceram de modo transversal e longitudinal nos corpos cavernoso e esponjoso e junto ao feixe vásculo-nervoso do pênis de ovinos. Esta estrutura mostrou-se similar ao encontrado em outros ruminantes domésticos como bovinos e bubalinos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Penis/anatomy & histology , Sheep/anatomy & histology , Elastic Tissue/anatomy & histology , Extracellular Matrix
13.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(4): 1023-1028, jul.-ago. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-916245

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were to verify the time during which viable ovine spermatozoa could be recovered from the cauda epididymis kept at ambient temperature (18-25°C). Sperm collected in an artificial vagina (AV) were used as control. Spermatozoa samples were collected with an AV and from epididymis at 0 (G0), 6 (G6), 12 (G12), 24 (G24), and 48 (G48) hours post mortem. Total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), hypo-osmotic membrane integrity test (HOST) and morphological changes were assessed. TM decreased (P<0.05) from 24 hours post mortem (70.0±1.9%) compared to AV (86.4±1.0%). PM decreased (P<0.05) from 12 hours after death (31.3±4.0%) compared to AV group (73.2±1.4%). The percentage of viable cells in HOST decreased (P<0.05) in the G48 (60.0±8.9%). Spermatozoa recovery was lower (P<0.05) 48 hours after death (2064.2±230.7 x 106 spermatozoa) compared to G0(2623.6±288.4 x 106 spermatozoa). In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, it would be possible to use epididymal spermatozoa recovered up to 24 hours after death for artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization; however, fertility trials are necessary to prove this hypothesis.(AU)


Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar o período pelo qual era possível recuperar espermatozoides ovinos viáveis da cauda de epidídimos mantidos em temperatura ambiente (18-25°C). O sêmen coletado em vagina artificial (AV) foi utilizado como controle. Os espermatozoides foram coletados dos epidídimos à zero hora (G0), às seis (G6), 12 (G12), 24 (G24) e 48 (G48) horas post mortem. A motilidade total (TM), a motilidade progressiva (PM), a integridade de membrana plasmática em solução hiposmótica (HOST) e a morfologia espermática foram avaliadas. A TM diminuiu (P<0,05) a partir de 24 horas após a morte (70,0±1,9%) comparado ao sêmen coletado em AV (86,4±1,0%). A PM diminuiu (P<0,05) a partir de 12 horas após a morte (31,3±4,0%) comparado ao grupo AV (73,2±1,4%). A porcentagem de espermatozoides viáveis no HOST diminuiu (P<0,05) no G48 (60,0±8,9%). A recuperação espermática foi menor (P<0,05) 48 horas após a morte (2064,2±498,1 x 106 espermatozoides) comparado ao G0 (2298,4±288,4 x 106 espermatozoides). Em conclusão, nas condições deste estudo, é possível utilizar espermatozoides epididimários recuperados até 24 horas após a morte para inseminação artificial ou fertilização in vitro, porém testes de fertilidade são necessários para comprovar essa hipótese.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Epididymis/embryology , Sheep/embryology , Spermatozoa , Temperature
14.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 34(4): 114-118, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1102757

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La reacción a drogas con eosinofilia y síntomas sistémicos (DRESS) es una rara enfermedad que puede ser letal. OBJETIVOS: Describir los hallazgos clínicos, de laboratorio e histopatológicos en pacientes con DRESS. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de fichas clínicas de pacientes con DRESS entre los años 2007 y 2017 con score regiSCAR mayor o igual a caso probable. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 24 pacientes: 14 fueron mujeres (58,3%), 2 tuvieron enfermedad autoinmune (8,3%), la edad promedio fue 45,04 años DS 17,2 (16-78). Los medicamentos frecuentemente implicados fueron Lamotrigina (33,3%) y Carbamazepina (20,8%). La latencia fue 28 días DS 17,7 (10-90). La clínica más frecuente fue prurito 87,5%, fiebre 75%, edema facial 62,5% y adenopatías 45,8%. En laboratorio lo más alterado fueron pruebas hepáticas (70,8%) y eosinofilia (45,8%). 11 pacientes (45,8%) presentaron eosinófilos en la histopatología y 21 pacientes (87,5%) fueron tratados con corticoides. La mortalidad fue 11,1% (2 pacientes, por causas distintas a DRESS). DISCUSIÓN: DRESS es una reacción adversa a medicamentos severa con variados hallazgos clínicos y analíticos que requieren de su conocimiento para no retrasar el diagnóstico y su tratamiento.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare disease that can be lethal. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, laboratory and histopathological findings in patients with DRESS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of clinical records of patients with DRESS between 2007 and 2017 with RegiSCAR score greater than or equal to probable case. RESULTS: 24 patients were studied: 14 were women (58.3%), 2 had autoimmune diseases (8.3%), the average age was 45.04 ± 17.2 years (16-78). The medications frequently implicated were Lamotrigine (33.3%) and Carbamazepine (20.8%). The latency was 28 ± 17.7 days (10-90). The most frequent symptoms were 87.5% pruritus, fever 75%, facial edema 62.5% and lymphadenopathies 45.8%. In the laboratory, the most disturbed were liver tests (70.8%) and eosinophilia (45.8%). 11 patients (45.8%) presented eosino-phils in histopathology and 21 patients (87.5%) were treated with corticosteroids. Mortality was 11.1% (2 patients) due to other causes than DRESS. DISCUSSION: DRESS is an adverse reaction to severe medications with a varied clinical and la-boratory finding, requiring knowledge in order to not to delay diagnosis and treatment.Key words: DRESS; Eosinophilia; ADR, Drug rash


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/pathology , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/epidemiology , Autoimmune Diseases , Clinical Evolution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/complications , Eosinophilia , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/diagnosis , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/therapy
15.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 37(5): 471-478, maio 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-895447

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adição dos antioxidantes ácido ascórbico, melatonina e Trolox C, associados ao sêmen diluído de carneiros sobre o estresse oxidativo e o potencial fecundante após criopreservação. Foram coletados 10 ejaculados de 3 carneiros (n=30) e diluídos em Tris-Gema de ovo até a concentração final de 200x106 sptz/mL e, mantidos em banho maria a 32°C. Os antioxidantes foram adicionados da seguinte forma: controle (sem adição de antioxidantes); 100µM de melatonina (MEL) + 0,05% de ácido ascórbico (AA); 100µM de MEL + 90µL de Trolox C (TRO); 90µL de TRO + 0,05% de AA; e 100µM de MEL + 0,05%AA + 90µL de TRO. Depois, o sêmen foi resfriado em câmara fria a 5°C por duas horas, após esse período, envasado e lacrado em palhetas de 0,5mL, e então acondicionado sob vapor de nitrogênio liquido (N2L), a 8cm da lâmina líquida por 15 minutos, e depois imersos no N2L. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à motilidade espermática, integridade da membrana plasmática e da membrana acrossomal, atividade mitocondrial, teste de ligação e a quantificação do estresse oxidativo. As variáveis foram submetidas à análise de variância e medias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A motilidade (total e progressiva) foi maior (P<0,05) quando adicionado à associação MEL+AA+TRO (67% e 49,89%), MEL+AA (64,37% e 45,61%) e MEL+TRO (61,65% e 41,15%) comparado ao tratamento controle (55,52% e 36,54%) e TRO+AA (57,07% e 38,40%). A adição de MEL+AA+TRO ao sêmen diluído manteve (P<0,05) a integridade da membrana plasmática (30,75%) e acrossomal (84,53%) dos espermatozoides quando comparado ao tratamento controle (15,60 e 68,16%, respectivamente), além de ter promovido maior (P<0,05) atividade mitocondrial (96,43%) quando comparado aos demais tratamentos. O número de espermatozoides que apresentaram à capacidade de ligação a membrana perivitelina da gema de ovo foi maior (P<0,05) no sêmen tratado com as diferentes associações de antioxidante quando comparado ao controle, sendo a associação MEL+AA+TRO (178,36%) superior (P<0,05) aos demais tratamentos. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos quanto a quantidade de espécies reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico produzidos. Conclui-se que a adição de MEL+AA+TRO ao sêmen diluído de carneiros, nas doses avaliadas, melhora a qualidade espermática após descongelação.(AU)


Aimed to evaluate the effect of adding antioxidants as ascorbic acid, melatonin and Trolox C to diluted semen of ram with oxidative stress to potenciate fertilization after cryopreservation. Ten samples collected were diluted in Tris-egg yolk to a final concentration of 200x106 sperm/mL and kept in a water bath at 32°C. Antioxidants were added as follows: 100µM melatonin (MEL) +.05% ascorbic acid (AA); 100µM of MEL + 90µL of Trolox C (TRO); 90µL of TRO + 0.05% AA; and 100µM of MEL0.05% AA + 90µL of TRO. Semen was cooled in a cold chamber at 5°C for two hours and packaged, sealed in 0.5mL straws, packaged under liquid nitrogen vapor (N2L), 8cm of water depth for 15 minutes, and then immersed in N2L. Samples were assayed for motility, integrity of the plasma membrane and acrosomal membrane, mitochondrial activity, binding assay and oxidative stress spermatozoa. The variables were analyzed by ANOVA and means compared by Tukey test (P<0.05). Percentage of total and progressive motility was higher for sperm treated with MEL+AA+TRO (67% and 49.89%), MEL+AA (64.37% and 45.61%) and MEL+TRO (61.65% and 41.15%) compared with the other treatments (P<0.05). The integrity of the plasma membrane and acrosome was higher for all semen treated with antioxidant associations compared with control (P<0.05). Mitochondrial activity was higher in sperm treated with MEL+AA+TRO compared all treatments (P<0.05). The number of sperm binding to perivitelline membrane was higher for semen treated with antioxidant associations compared with control; also sperm treated with MEL+AA+TRO demonstrated higher effect of all (P<0.05). No difference was observed between the treatments by oxidative stress sperm (P>0.05). The addition of melatonin, ascorbic acid and Trolox C in diluted semen of ram improves sperm quality after thawing.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Semen Preservation/methods , Semen Preservation/veterinary , Sheep , Antioxidants/analysis , Ascorbic Acid , Reactive Oxygen Species , Melatonin
16.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 69(2): 278-284, mar.-abr. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-833810

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin implantation on basic testicular characteristics and reproductive performance of Kivircik and Charollais rams and ewes during the non-breeding season. In this study, 8 Kivircik and 6 Charollais rams were used. Rams were implanted with 54 mg melatonin according to the manufacturer's instructions. At melatonin implantation and at ram introduction the reproductive performance and testicular characteristics were evaluated. Throughout the experimental period, rams were permanently kept outdoors under conditions of natural day length and at ambient temperature. The effects of exogenous melatonin treatments on the reproductive performances of rams and ewes, estrus response, pregnancy rate, litter size and twinning rate of ewes were evaluated in all groups. Libido values were significantly higher in Charollais rams compared to Kivircik rams (P<0.001). Testicular volume (TV) was increased in both ram breeds. Scrotal length (SL) was also increased in both Kivircik and Charollais rams (P<0.01). In conclusion, we showed that the treatment of rams with slow release melatonin implants increased scrotal diameters and testicular volumes in both Kivircik and Charollais rams. Furthermore, melatonin implantation improved the reproductive performances of ewes naturally mated with these melatonin implanted rams during non-breeding season.(AU)


Esse estudo foi conduzido para investigar os efeitos de implantação de melatonina em características testiculares básicas e desempenho reprodutivo de carneiros Kivircik e Charollais durante a estação não reprodutiva. Nesse estudo, oito carneiros Kivircik e 6 Charollais foram utilizados. Foi implantado 54 mg de melatonina nos cordeiros de acordo com as instruções do produtor. Ao implantar a melatonina e à introdução do carneiro, foram avaliados o desempenho reprodutivo e as características testiculares. Ao longo do período experimenta, os cordeiros foram mantidos em ambiente externo sob condições de luz e ritmo circadiano naturais e à temperatura ambiente. O efeito de tratamento com melatonina exógena no desempenho reprodutivo de carneiros e ovelhas, resposta estral, taxa de prenhez, tamanho de ninhada e taxa de gemelaridade foram avaliados em todos os grupos. Valores de libido foram significativamente maiores em Charollais comparados a Kivircik (P<0.001). Volume testicular (VT) estava aumentado em ambas as raças. Comprimento escrotal (CE) também estava aumentado tanto em Kivircik quanto em Charollais (P<0.01). Conclui-se que o tratamento de carneiros com implantes de liberação lenta de melatonina aumentou diâmetro e volume testiculares tanto em carneiros Kivircik quanto em Charollais. Ademais, implantação de melatonina melhorou o desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas naturalmente cruzadas com esses carneiros implantados com melatonina durante o período não reprodutivo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Melatonin/analysis , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Sheep/physiology , Testis/anatomy & histology , Testis/physiology , Estrous Cycle , Fertility/physiology
17.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 68(5): 1309-1315, set.-out. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-827890

ABSTRACT

The effects of ß-mercaptoethanol (BME) and cysteine on the viability and oxidative activity of ram sperm after thawing and on development in vitro and viability of vitrified sheep embryos were evaluated. Ejaculates from four rams were pooled and extended, composing six treatments: no antioxidants; 2mM BME; 5mM BME; 2mM BME and 5mM cysteine; 5mM BME and 5mM cysteine; and 5mM cysteine. Sperm motility, membrane and acrosome integrity, mitochondrial functionality, production of reactive oxygen species and total antioxidant capacity were similar across treatments (P>0.05). A medium with no antioxidant presented cleavage and blastocyst development rates (60.3% and 33.6%, respectively) similar (P>0.05) to those of a medium with 50µM BME and 600µM cysteine (64.3% and 36.6%, respectively). Post-thawing viability of vitrified embryos was similar between media (P>0.05). Cysteine and BME had no influence on the post-thawing viability and oxidative activity of ram sperm and on the viability of vitrified sheep embryos.(AU)


Foram avaliados os efeitos do ß-mercaptoetanol (BME) e da cisteína sobre a viabilidade e a atividade oxidativa após o descongelamento do sêmen ovino e sobre o desenvolvimento in vitro e a viabilidade de embriões ovinos vitrificados. Ejaculados de quatro carneiros foram agrupados e diluídos, compondo seis tratamentos: sem antioxidantes; com BME 2mM; com BME 5mM; com BME 2mM e cisteína 5mM; com BME 5mM e cisteína 5mM; e com cisteína 5mM. Motilidade, integridade da membrana e do acrossoma, função mitocondrial, produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio e capacidade antioxidante total foram semelhantes entre os tratamentos (P>0,05). Em um meio sem antioxidantes, as taxas de clivagem e de desenvolvimento embrionário até blastocisto (60,3%, e 33,6%, respectivamente) foram semelhantes (P>0,05) às obtidas em um meio com BME 50µM e cisteína 600µM (64,3% e 36,6%, respectivamente). A viabilidade pós-descongelamento dos embriões vitrificados não diferiu entre os meios (P>0,05). O BME e a cisteína não influenciaram a viabilidade e a atividade oxidativa do sêmen ovino após o descongelamento e a viabilidade de embriões ovinos vitrificados.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Antioxidants/analysis , Cysteine/analysis , Mercaptoethanol/analysis , Semen Analysis/veterinary , Sheep/embryology , Reactive Oxygen Species/analysis , Semen Preservation/veterinary , Vitrification
18.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 36(7): 657-664, jul. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-794777

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adição de diferentes concentrações de melatonina no sêmen diluído de carneiros após criopreservação. Foram coletados 10 ejaculados de três carneiros adultos (n=30), por meio de vagina artificial para ovinos. Os ejaculados coletados foram diluídos em Tris-Gema de ovo, para a concentração final de 200x106 sptz/mL, mantidos em banho maria a 32°C, e a melatonina adicionada conforme os tratamentos: Controle; 100pM; 100nM; 100µM e 1mM de melatonina. Então, as amostras foram resfriadas em câmara fria a 5°C por duas horas, envasadas em palhetas de 0,5 mL e lacradas. Logo após, foram acondicionadas sob vapores do nitrogênio liquido, por 15 minutos, a 8cm da lâmina líquida e congeladas com nitrogênio líquido. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à motilidade espermática, integridade da membrana plasmática, membrana acrossomal, atividade mitocondrial, quantificação do estresse oxidativo e a capacidade de ligação. As variáveis foram submetidas à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A motilidade total e progressiva dos espermatozoides descongelados foi maior nas amostras tratadas com 100pM de melatonina (62,99 e 45,07% respectivamente; P<0,05) quando comparado aos demais tratamentos. A adição das diferentes concentrações de melatonina no sêmen diluído, com exceção da concentração de 1 mM, apresentou maior percentual de células com membrana plasmática íntegra, quando comparadas com o controle (P<0,05). O percentual de espermatozoides com integridade da membrana do acrossoma foi maior no sêmen tratado com 100 pM de melatonina (P<0,05) do que nos demais tratamentos. A alta atividade mitocondrial foi maior nos espermatozoides tratados com 100 pM de melatonina (69,30%; P<0,05). A adição de 100 nM de melatonina reduziu a quantidade de TBARS após a criopreservação (2,84; P<0,05) quando comparado aos demais tratamentos. Após o descongelamento, o número de espermatozoides que se ligaram à membrana perivitelina foi maior nos tratados com 100 pM de melatonina (155,73; P<0,05). Portanto, a adição de melatonina no sêmen diluído pode ser útil para aperfeiçoar a criopreservação do sêmen de ovinos, melhorando as taxas de fertilização por meio da inseminação artificial.(AU)


The aim was to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of melatonin in ram semen diluted after cryopreservation. Ten ejaculates were collected0 from three adult ram (n=30) by means of artificial vagina for sheep. The collected samples were diluted in Tris-egg yolk, to a final concentration 200x106 sptz/mL kept in water bath at 32°C, and melatonin added as treatments: control; 100pM; 100nM; 100µM and 1mM melatonin. Then, the samples were cooled in a cold chamber at 5°C for two hours, in straws of 0.5mL and sealed. They were stored under the liquid nitrogen vapor for 15 minutes to 8cm of liquid blade and frozen with liquid nitrogen. Samples were analyzed for sperm motility, membrane integrity, acrosomal membrane, mitochondrial activity, oxidative stress and quantification of the binding capacity. The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The total and progressive motility of thawed sperm were higher in samples treated with 100pM melatonin (62.99 and 45.07%, respectively; P<0.05) when compared to other treatments. The addition of different concentrations of melatonin in semen diluted with the exception of 1mM concentration, a higher percentage of cells with intact plasma membrane, as compared with the control (P<0.05). The percentage of sperm with acrosome membrane integrity was higher in the semen with 100pM melatonin (P<0.05) than the other treatments. The high mitochondrial activity was higher in spermatozoa treated with 100pM melatonin (69.30%; P<0.05). Addition of 100nM melatonin reduced the amount of TBARS after cryopreservation (2.84, P<0.05) when compared with the other treatments. After thawing, the number of sperm which bind to the perivitelline membrane was higher in the melatonin treated with 100pM (155,73; P<0.05). Therefore, melatonin addition the semen diluted can be useful to enhance the cryopreservation of sheep semen, improving fertilization rates through artificial insemination.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Melatonin/administration & dosage , Melatonin/analysis , Oxidative Stress , Semen Analysis/veterinary , Sheep/physiology , Spermatozoa/physiology , Antioxidants/analysis , Cryopreservation/veterinary , Reactive Oxygen Species/analysis , Reproductive Techniques/veterinary
19.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1053266

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El Síndrome de DRESS es una reacción idiosincrática de tipo B, que se caracteriza por fiebre, eosinofilia, exantema eritematoso generalizado, adenopatías y compromiso de órganos internos (hepatitis, neumonitis, nefritis y otros); los principales responsables son los medicamentos anticonvulsivantes como la carbamazepina, pero puede ser secundario a otros tipos de fármacos; el tratamiento se basa en corticoterapia. Reporte del caso: Paciente varón de 41 años de edad que a la tercera semana de haber iniciado el primer esquema de tratamiento por tuberculosis pleural, presenta prurito, exantema eritematoso generalizado y posteriormente eosinofilia, también desarrolla insuficiencia respiratoria aguda de curso progresivo a pesar de la corticoterapia. Conclusión: El síndrome de DRESS es frecuentemente secundario a tratamiento anticonvulsivante, principalmente la carbamazepina, sin embargo hay pocos casos descritos por tratamiento antituberculoso.


Introduction. The DRESS syndrome is an idiosyncratic reaction type B, characterized by fever, eosinophilia, erythematosus rash, lymphadenopathy and involvement of internal organs (hepatitis, pneumonitis, and others); the main perpetrators are anticonvulsant drugs such as carbamazepine, but may be secondary to other drug; the treatment based on corticosteroids. case report : Male patient 41 years old, the third week after starting the first scheme of anti-TB treatment for pleural tuberculosis presents pruritus, generalized erythematous rash, eosinophilia and later added, in addition to respiratory failure acute,progressive course despite corticosteroid therapy. Conclusion: DRESS syndrome is often secondary to anticonvulsant carbamazepine treatment primarily, but there are few reports on TB treatment.

20.
Chinese Journal of Immunology ; (12): 1150-1152,1164, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-604361

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decotion containing serum for the autophagy of RAM264.7 macrophages ,and to explore its possible anti-atherosclerosis mechanism .Methods:The SD rats were intervened with large , middle and small dose Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decotion to prepare containing drug serum .Cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay .The gene and protein expressions of Beclin 1, mTOR was assessed by fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot method .Results:Compared with the normal serum group ,Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decotion containing serum enhanced expression of the mRNA and protein level of Beclin1,and decreased the expression of mTOR and p-mTOR(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decotion containing serum could regulate the expressions of Beclin 1 and mTOR.These might be one of the mechanisms for preventing atheroscle-rosis.

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